Lesson 107: Verb Classes and the Doubled Verb

Step 1 of 5: Learn

Grammarians sort the Arabic verb by its three radicals. If all three are ordinary consonants that stay put in every form, the verb is sound, فِعْلٌ سَالِمٌ, and you already know its whole conjugation in all ten forms. Seven other classes have a radical that is either a hamza, a و or ي, or a twin of its neighbour; each class bends the sound paradigm in a predictable way. This volume treats three of them, the doubled verb and the verbs with و or ي as first or second radical; the remaining four come in Volume 4. Do not call these verbs irregular: each class follows rules as strict as those of the sound verb, and the rules are few.

Rule 1: 1. The eight classes of the verb

A verb is named after the radical that gives trouble, using the letters of the model فَعَلَ: the first radical is its فَاء, the second its عَيْن, the third its لَام. So a verb with و as first radical is فِعْلٌ فَاؤُهُ وَاو, a verb whose fāʾ is wāw, and a verb with hamza as third radical is فِعْلٌ لَامُهُ مَهْمُوزَةٌ. The table below gives all eight classes with examples; the sentences here show a few of them at work.

دَرَسَ الْوَلَدُ وَفَتَحَ النَّافِذَةَ.
darasa l-waladu wa-fataḥa n-nāfidhata
The boy studied and opened the window.
Two sound verbs: every radical is a strong consonant.
مَدَّتْ أُخْتِي الْمَائِدَةَ وَعَدَّتِ الصُّحُونَ.
maddat ukhti l-māʾidata wa-ʿaddati ṣ-ṣuḥūna
My sister laid the table and counted the plates.
Doubled verbs: مَدَّ from م-د-د, عَدَّ from ع-د-د.
وَصَلَ الضُّيُوفُ وَوَجَدُوا الْبَابَ مَفْتُوحًا.
waṣala ḍ-ḍuyūfu wa-wajadu l-bāba maftūḥan
The guests arrived and found the door open.
First radical و: in the perfect they look sound.
قَالَ أَبِي: نَامَ الصَّغِيرُ.
qāla abī: nāma ṣ-ṣaghīru
My father said: the little one has slept.
Second radical و or ي appears as a long ā in the perfect.
سَأَلَ الضَّيْفُ عَنِ الطَّرِيقِ ثُمَّ بَدَأَ يَمْشِي.
saʾala ḍ-ḍayfu ʿani ṭ-ṭarīqi thumma badaʾa yamshī
The guest asked about the way, then began to walk.
سَأَلَ has hamza as second radical, بَدَأَ as third; يَمْشِي has ي as third.

The eight classes of the Arabic verb

Class 1 was the subject of Volume 2. Classes 2, 3 and 4 are treated in this volume; classes 5 to 8 in Volume 4.
Class	Arabic name	What marks it	Examples
1. Sound	فِعْلٌ سَالِمٌfiʿlun sālimun	three strong radicals, kept in every form	دَرَسَ، فَتَحَ، شَكَرَdarasa, fataḥa, shakarato study, to open, to thank
2. Doubled	فِعْلٌ مُضَاعَفٌfiʿlun muḍāʿafun	second and third radicals identical	مَدَّ، عَدَّ، رَدَّmadda, ʿadda, raddato stretch, to count, to give back
3. First radical و / ي	فِعْلٌ فَاؤُهُ وَاوٌ أَوْ يَاءٌfiʿlun fāʾuhu wāwun aw yāʾun	و or ي as first radical	وَصَلَ، وَجَدَ، يَسُرَwaṣala, wajada, yasurato arrive, to find, to be easy
4. Second radical و / ي	فِعْلٌ عَيْنُهُ وَاوٌ أَوْ يَاءٌfiʿlun ʿaynuhu wāwun aw yāʾun	و or ي as second radical, seen as ā in the perfect	قَالَ، نَامَ، بَاعَqāla, nāma, bāʿato say, to sleep, to sell
5. Third radical و / ي	فِعْلٌ لَامُهُ وَاوٌ أَوْ يَاءٌfiʿlun lāmuhu wāwun aw yāʾun	و or ي as third radical, written ا / ى in the perfect	دَعَا، رَمَى، نَسِيَdaʿā, ramā, nasiyato call, to throw, to forget
6. First radical hamza	فِعْلٌ فَاؤُهُ مَهْمُوزَةٌfiʿlun fāʾuhu mahmūzatun	hamza as first radical	أَمَرَ، أَذِنَ، أَكَلَamara, adhina, akalato order, to permit, to eat
7. Second radical hamza	فِعْلٌ عَيْنُهُ مَهْمُوزَةٌfiʿlun ʿaynuhu mahmūzatun	hamza as second radical	سَأَلَ، رَأَسَsaʾala, raʾasato ask, to head (a group)
8. Third radical hamza	فِعْلٌ لَامُهُ مَهْمُوزَةٌfiʿlun lāmuhu mahmūzatun	hamza as third radical	بَدَأَ، مَلَأَ، نَشَأَbadaʾa, malaʾa, nashaʾato begin, to fill, to grow up

Rule 2: 2. Contraction when the first and third radicals have vowels

The doubled verb is conjugated exactly like the sound verb, with one habit: Arabic will not pronounce two identical consonants with a short vowel between them if it can help it. Rule 1. When the first and the third radicals both carry vowels, the second radical drops its vowel and the two identical radicals are written as one letter with shadda: مَدَدَ becomes مَدَّ, عَدَدَ becomes عَدَّ. This covers the perfect of Form I in the third person, the perfect of Forms VII and VIII (اِنْضَمَمَ to اِنْضَمَّ, اِشْتَدَدَ to اِشْتَدَّ), their imperfects (يَنْضَمِمُ to يَنْضَمُّ), and the active participle of Form I (مَادِدٌ to مَادٌّ, تَامِمٌ to تَامٌّ complete).

رَدَّ الْوَلَدُ الْكِتَابَ إِلَى الرَّفِّ.
radda l-waladu l-kitāba ila r-raffi
The boy put the book back on the shelf.
رَدَّ for رَدَدَ.
دَقَّ الضَّيْفُ الْبَابَ وَدَقَّتْ زَوْجَتُهُ الْجَرَسَ.
daqqa ḍ-ḍayfu l-bāba wa-daqqat zawjatuhu l-jarasa
The guest knocked at the door and his wife rang the bell.
دَقَّتْ: the ending ـَتْ leaves the third radical with its vowel, so the contraction stays.
صَبُّوا الْمَاءَ فِي الْقِدْرِ.
ṣabbu l-māʾa fi l-qidri
They poured the water into the pot.
صَبُّوا for صَبَبُوا.
اِنْضَمَّ جَارُنَا إِلَى الضُّيُوفِ.
inḍamma jārunā ila ḍ-ḍuyūfi
Our neighbour joined the guests.
Form VII: اِنْضَمَّ، يَنْضَمُّ، اِنْضِمَامٌ.
اِشْتَدَّ الْبَرْدُ فِي اللَّيْلِ.
ishtadda l-bardu fi l-layli
The cold grew intense in the night.
Form VIII: اِشْتَدَّ، يَشْتَدُّ، اِشْتِدَادٌ.
اَلطَّعَامُ تَامٌّ وَالْمَائِدَةُ مَمْدُودَةٌ.
aṭ-ṭaʿāmu tāmmun wa-l-māʾidatu mamdūdatun
The food is complete and the table is laid.
تَامٌّ is an active participle with contraction; مَمْدُودَةٌ keeps both د because of the long ū (rule 4).

Rule 3: 3. Contraction when the first radical is vowelless

Rule 2. When the first radical should have sukūn and the second and third radicals both have vowels, the second radical hands its vowel to the first and the twins again merge: يَمْدُدُ becomes يَمُدُّ he stretches, يَعْدُدُ becomes يَعُدُّ he counts. The vowel of the middle radical, u, i or a, is therefore heard on the first radical, and that vowel tells you the imperfect type of the verb: يَمُدُّ (u), يَتِمُّ (i), يَمَسُّ (a). The same rule produces the perfect and imperfect of Form IV (أَعْدَدَ to أَعَدَّ, يُعْدِدُ to يُعِدُّ) and of Form X (اِسْتَعْدَدَ to اِسْتَعَدَّ, يَسْتَعْدِدُ to يَسْتَعِدُّ).

تَمُدُّ أُمِّي الْمَائِدَةَ قَبْلَ الْعَشَاءِ.
tamuddu ummi l-māʾidata qabla l-ʿashāʾi
My mother lays the table before supper.
نَعُدُّ الْوَسَائِدَ كُلَّ صَبَاحٍ.
naʿuddu l-wasāʾida kulla ṣabāḥin
We count the cushions every morning.
يَتِمُّ الْعَمَلُ فِي الْمَطْبَخِ بَعْدَ سَاعَةٍ.
yatimmu l-ʿamalu fi l-maṭbakhi baʿda sāʿatin
The work in the kitchen will be finished in an hour.
تَمَّ، يَتِمُّ: imperfect vowel i.
أَعَدَّ أَبِي الْغُرْفَةَ لِلضُّيُوفِ وَهُوَ يُعِدُّهَا كُلَّ أُسْبُوعٍ.
aʿadda abi l-ghurfata li-ḍ-ḍuyūfi wa-huwa yuʿidduhā kulla usbūʿin
My father prepared the room for the guests, and he prepares it every week.
Form IV: أَعَدَّ، يُعِدُّ، إِعْدَادٌ، مُعِدٌّ.
نَسْتَعِدُّ لِلسَّفَرِ مُنْذُ الصَّبَاحِ.
nastaʿiddu li-s-safari mundhu ṣ-ṣabāḥi
We have been getting ready for the journey since the morning.
Form X: اِسْتَعَدَّ، يَسْتَعِدُّ، اِسْتِعْدَادٌ، مُسْتَعِدٌّ.
أُحِبُّ بَيْتَنَا الْقَدِيمَ.
uḥibbu baytana l-qadīma
I love our old house.
أَحَبَّ، يُحِبُّ is a Form IV doubled verb.

Rule 4: 4. Where there is no contraction

Rule 3. When the third radical is vowelless, the twins stay apart. This happens before every suffix that begins with a consonant: مَدَدْتُ I stretched, عَدَدْنَا we counted, رَدَدْتُمْ, and in the feminine plural of the imperfect, يَمْدُدْنَ, تَعْدُدْنَ. The same holds in the derived forms: أَعْدَدْتُ, اِسْتَعْدَدْنَا, اِنْضَمَمْتُ, يَشْتَدِدْنَ. Rule 4. When the vowel of the second radical is long (ā, ū or ī), there is nothing to contract: مَمْدُودٌ stretched, مَعْدُودٌ counted, and the verbal nouns اِسْتِعْدَادٌ, اِشْتِدَادٌ, إِعْدَادٌ, اِنْضِمَامٌ.

مَدَدْتُ يَدِي إِلَى الصَّحْنِ.
madadtu yadī ila ṣ-ṣaḥni
I stretched out my hand to the plate.
عَدَدْنَا الْمَلَاعِقَ فَوَجَدْنَاهَا عَشْرًا.
ʿadadna l-malāʿiqa fa-wajadnāhā ʿashran
We counted the spoons and found them to be ten.
اَلْبَنَاتُ يَصْبُبْنَ الشَّايَ لِلضُّيُوفِ.
al-banātu yaṣbubna sh-shāya li-ḍ-ḍuyūfi
The girls pour the tea for the guests.
Feminine plural ـْنَ: the third radical loses its vowel, so no contraction.
هَلِ اسْتَعْدَدْتُمْ لِلرِّحْلَةِ؟
hali staʿdadtum li-r-riḥlati
Have you got ready for the trip?
اَلْأَيَّامُ مَعْدُودَةٌ وَالِاسْتِعْدَادُ وَاجِبٌ.
al-ayyāmu maʿdūdatun wa-l-istiʿdādu wājibun
The days are counted and preparation is a duty.
مَعْدُودَةٌ and اِسْتِعْدَادٌ: a long vowel sits between the twins.

Contracted and uncontracted

رَدَّ الْكِتَابَ.

radda l-kitāba

He returned the book. (third radical vowelled: contraction)

رَدَدْتُ الْكِتَابَ.

radadtu l-kitāba

I returned the book. (third radical vowelless: no contraction)

The whole doubled paradigm is decided by one question: does the third radical carry a vowel? If yes, write the twins as one letter with shadda. If no, because a consonant suffix follows, write both.

Rule 5: 5. The jussive and the imperative

In the jussive and in the masculine singular imperative the third radical ought to be vowelless, so by rule 3 you would expect لَمْ يَمْدُدْ and اُمْدُدْ. These forms exist and are correct, but Arabic usually prefers to contract and give the final doubled radical a helping vowel. If the imperfect vowel is a or i, the helping vowel is a or i: لَمْ يَمَسَّ or لَمْ يَمَسِّ (beside لَمْ يَمْسَسْ); لَمْ يَتِمَّ or لَمْ يَتِمِّ (beside لَمْ يَتْمِمْ). If the imperfect vowel is u, any of the three vowels may be used: لَمْ يَمُدَّ, لَمْ يَمُدِّ, لَمْ يَمُدُّ, beside لَمْ يَمْدُدْ. In practice لَمْ يَمُدَّ with fatḥa is the commonest choice, and it is the one to produce yourself. The imperative follows the same pattern: مُدَّ, مُدِّ or اُمْدُدْ stretch!; عُدَّ or اُعْدُدْ count!; the uncontracted form takes the hamzat al-waṣl like any Form I imperative, the contracted forms need none because they begin with a vowelled letter.

لَمْ يَرُدَّ أَحَدٌ عَلَى الْبَابِ.
lam yarudda aḥadun ʿala l-bābi
Nobody answered the door.
Also لَمْ يَرُدِّ, لَمْ يَرْدُدْ.
لَا تَمَسَّ الْقِدْرَ، إِنَّهَا حَارَّةٌ!
lā tamassa l-qidra, innahā ḥārratun
Do not touch the pot, it is hot!
Imperfect vowel a, so only لَا تَمَسَّ / لَا تَمَسِّ / لَا تَمْسَسْ.
عُدَّ الصُّحُونَ وَرُدَّهَا إِلَى الْمَطْبَخِ.
ʿudda ṣ-ṣuḥūna wa-ruddahā ila l-maṭbakhi
Count the plates and return them to the kitchen.
Imperatives of عَدَّ and رَدَّ. Before a suffix the contracted form keeps its fatḥa: رُدَّهَا.
صُبِّي الشَّايَ يَا فَاطِمَةُ، وَصُبُّوا الْمَاءَ يَا أَوْلَادُ.
ṣubbi sh-shāya yā fāṭimatu, wa-ṣubbu l-māʾa yā awlādu
Pour the tea, Fāṭima, and pour the water, boys.
Feminine singular صُبِّي and masculine plural صُبُّوا have only one form, because their endings begin with a vowel.
اُمْدُدْ يَدَكَ وَخُذِ الْمِفْتَاحَ.
umdud yadaka wa-khudhi l-miftāḥa
Stretch out your hand and take the key.
The uncontracted imperative, found in the Quran and in careful style.

Form I of the doubled verb: مَدَّ، يَمُدُّ (u)

The perfect contracts except before consonant suffixes; the imperfect contracts except in the two feminine plurals; the jussive and imperative have the alternatives of rule 5.
Person	Perfect	Imperfect	Jussive	Imperative
he	مَدَّmadda	يَمُدُّyamuddu	يَمُدَّ / يَمُدِّ / يَمْدُدْyamudda / yamuddi / yamdud	—
she	مَدَّتْmaddat	تَمُدُّtamuddu	تَمُدَّ / تَمُدِّ / تَمْدُدْtamudda / tamuddi / tamdud	—
you (m.)	مَدَدْتَmadadta	تَمُدُّtamuddu	تَمُدَّ / تَمُدِّ / تَمْدُدْtamudda / tamuddi / tamdud	مُدَّ / مُدِّ / اُمْدُدْmudda / muddi / umdud
you (f.)	مَدَدْتِmadadti	تَمُدِّينَtamuddīna	تَمُدِّيtamuddī	مُدِّيmuddī
I	مَدَدْتُmadadtu	أَمُدُّamuddu	أَمُدَّ / أَمُدِّ / أَمْدُدْamudda / amuddi / amdud	—
they two (m.)	مَدَّاmaddā	يَمُدَّانِyamuddāni	يَمُدَّاyamuddā	—
they two (f.)	مَدَّتَاmaddatā	تَمُدَّانِtamuddāni	تَمُدَّاtamuddā	—
you two	مَدَدْتُمَاmadadtumā	تَمُدَّانِtamuddāni	تَمُدَّاtamuddā	مُدَّاmuddā
they (m.)	مَدُّواmaddū	يَمُدُّونَyamuddūna	يَمُدُّواyamuddū	—
they (f.)	مَدَدْنَmadadna	يَمْدُدْنَyamdudna	يَمْدُدْنَyamdudna	—
you (m. pl.)	مَدَدْتُمْmadadtum	تَمُدُّونَtamuddūna	تَمُدُّواtamuddū	مُدُّواmuddū
you (f. pl.)	مَدَدْتُنَّmadadtunna	تَمْدُدْنَtamdudna	تَمْدُدْنَtamdudna	اُمْدُدْنَumdudna
we	مَدَدْنَاmadadnā	نَمُدُّnamuddu	نَمُدَّ / نَمُدِّ / نَمْدُدْnamudda / namuddi / namdud	—

The doubled verb in the derived forms

Forms IV, VII, VIII and X contract by rules 1 and 2. Forms II and V, whose middle radical is itself doubled, and the passive perfect of III and VI, whose first two radicals are separated by ū, are conjugated like sound verbs without any contraction.
Form	Perfect	Imperfect	Verbal noun	Active participle	Contraction?
I	مَدَّmaddato stretch	يَمُدُّyamuddu	مَدٌّmaddun	مَادٌّmāddun	yes, rules 1 and 2
II	حَدَّدَḥaddadato fix, define	يُحَدِّدُyuḥaddidu	تَحْدِيدٌtaḥdīdun	مُحَدِّدٌmuḥaddidun	never: like a sound verb
III	ضَارَّḍārrato harm	يُضَارُّyuḍārru	مُضَارَّةٌmuḍārratun	مُضَارٌّmuḍārrun	yes, except the passive perfect ضُورِرَ
IV	أَعَدَّaʿaddato prepare	يُعِدُّyuʿiddu	إِعْدَادٌiʿdādun	مُعِدٌّmuʿiddun	yes; passive أُعِدَّ، يُعَدُّ، مُعَدٌّ
V	تَحَدَّدَtaḥaddadato be fixed	يَتَحَدَّدُyataḥaddadu	تَحَدُّدٌtaḥaddudun	مُتَحَدِّدٌmutaḥaddidun	never: like a sound verb
VI	تَحَابَّtaḥābbato love one another	يَتَحَابُّyataḥābbu	تَحَابٌّtaḥābbun	مُتَحَابٌّmutaḥābbun	yes, except the passive perfect تُحُوبِبَ
VII	اِنْضَمَّinḍammato join	يَنْضَمُّyanḍammu	اِنْضِمَامٌinḍimāmun	مُنْضَمٌّmunḍammun	yes
VIII	اِشْتَدَّishtaddato grow intense	يَشْتَدُّyashtaddu	اِشْتِدَادٌishtidādun	مُشْتَدٌّmushtaddun	yes
X	اِسْتَعَدَّistaʿaddato get ready	يَسْتَعِدُّyastaʿiddu	اِسْتِعْدَادٌistiʿdādun	مُسْتَعِدٌّmustaʿiddun	yes

Conjugations: "To Have"

Person	Singular			Plural
	Arabic	Transliteration	English	Arabic	Transliteration	English
he (perfect)	مَدَّ	madda	he stretched	مَدُّوا	maddū	they (m.) stretched
she (perfect)	مَدَّتْ	maddat	she stretched	مَدَدْنَ	madadna	they (f.) stretched
you (m., perfect)	مَدَدْتَ	madadta	you (m.) stretched	مَدَدْتُمْ	madadtum	you (m. pl.) stretched
you (f., perfect)	مَدَدْتِ	madadti	you (f.) stretched	مَدَدْتُنَّ	madadtunna	you (f. pl.) stretched
I (perfect)	مَدَدْتُ	madadtu	I stretched	مَدَدْنَا	madadnā	we stretched
dual (perfect)	مَدَّا	maddā	they two (m.) stretched	مَدَّتَا / مَدَدْتُمَا	maddatā / madadtumā	they two (f.) / you two stretched
he (imperfect)	يَمُدُّ	yamuddu	he stretches	يَمُدُّونَ	yamuddūna	they (m.) stretch
she (imperfect)	تَمُدُّ	tamuddu	she stretches	يَمْدُدْنَ	yamdudna	they (f.) stretch
you (m., imperfect)	تَمُدُّ	tamuddu	you (m.) stretch	تَمُدُّونَ	tamuddūna	you (m. pl.) stretch
you (f., imperfect)	تَمُدِّينَ	tamuddīna	you (f.) stretch	تَمْدُدْنَ	tamdudna	you (f. pl.) stretch
I (imperfect)	أَمُدُّ	amuddu	I stretch	نَمُدُّ	namuddu	we stretch
dual (imperfect)	يَمُدَّانِ	yamuddāni	they two (m.) stretch	تَمُدَّانِ	tamuddāni	they two (f.) / you two stretch
he (jussive)	لَمْ يَمُدَّ / يَمْدُدْ	lam yamudda / yamdud	he did not stretch	لَمْ يَمُدُّوا	lam yamuddū	they (m.) did not stretch
she (jussive)	لَمْ تَمُدَّ / تَمْدُدْ	lam tamudda / tamdud	she did not stretch	لَمْ يَمْدُدْنَ	lam yamdudna	they (f.) did not stretch
you (m., jussive)	لَمْ تَمُدَّ / تَمْدُدْ	lam tamudda / tamdud	you (m.) did not stretch	لَمْ تَمُدُّوا	lam tamuddū	you (m. pl.) did not stretch
you (f., jussive)	لَمْ تَمُدِّي	lam tamuddī	you (f.) did not stretch	لَمْ تَمْدُدْنَ	lam tamdudna	you (f. pl.) did not stretch
I (jussive)	لَمْ أَمُدَّ / أَمْدُدْ	lam amudda / amdud	I did not stretch	لَمْ نَمُدَّ / نَمْدُدْ	lam namudda / namdud	we did not stretch
you (m., imperative)	مُدَّ / مُدِّ / اُمْدُدْ	mudda / muddi / umdud	stretch! (m.)	مُدُّوا	muddū	stretch! (m. pl.)
you (f., imperative)	مُدِّي	muddī	stretch! (f.)	اُمْدُدْنَ	umdudna	stretch! (f. pl.)

Vocabulary

Why do words end with “-un”?

The -un ending is called tanween (nunation). It marks indefinite nouns — similar to “a/an” in English.

كِتَابٌ (kitaabun) = a bookvsكِتَاب (kitaab) = book (base word)

To find the base word, simply remove the final “-un” sound (the double-stacked damma بٌ on the last letter).

مَدَّ يَمُدُّ

madda, yamuddu

to stretch out, extend; to lay (a table)

عَدَّ يَعُدُّ

ʿadda, yaʿuddu

to count

رَدَّ يَرُدُّ

radda, yaruddu

to give back, return; to reply (رَدَّ عَلَى)

دَقَّ يَدُقُّ

daqqa, yaduqqu

to knock (at a door); to ring (a bell)

صَبَّ يَصُبُّ

ṣabba, yaṣubbu

to pour

شَدَّ يَشُدُّ

shadda, yashuddu

to pull tight, tighten; to draw (a curtain)

سَدَّ يَسُدُّ

sadda, yasuddu

to block, stop up, close (a gap)

تَمَّ يَتِمُّ

tamma, yatimmu

to be completed, be finished

ظَلَّ يَظَلُّ

ẓalla, yaẓallu

to remain, keep on (doing)

مَسَّ يَمَسُّ

massa, yamassu

to touch

أَعَدَّ يُعِدُّ

aʿadda, yuʿiddu

to prepare

أَحَبَّ يُحِبُّ

aḥabba, yuḥibbu

to love, like

اِسْتَعَدَّ يَسْتَعِدُّ لِـ

istaʿadda, yastaʿiddu li-

to get ready for, prepare oneself for

اِنْضَمَّ يَنْضَمُّ إِلَى

inḍamma, yanḍammu ilā

to join (a group)

اِشْتَدَّ يَشْتَدُّ

ishtadda, yashtaddu

to grow intense, become severe

حَدَّدَ يُحَدِّدُ

ḥaddada, yuḥaddidu

to fix, set (a time); to define

مَائِدَةٌ

māʾidatun

dining table; spread meal

سِتَارَةٌ

sitāratun

curtain

وِسَادَةٌ

wisādatun

cushion, pillow

قِدْرٌ

qidrun

cooking pot

Step 2 of 5: Read

Guests in our house

ضُيُوفٌ فِي بَيْتِنَا

Tap any word to look it up.

Notes

Comprehension

1.Where did the guests come from?
2.Who laid the table?
3.What did the father do when the cold grew severe?
4.Until when did the guests keep talking?
5.What did the guests fix before leaving?

In the Quran

فَلْيَمْدُدْ بِسَبَبٍ
Surah Al-Hajj · 22:15
فَلْيَمْدُدْ بِسَبَبٍ: the uncontracted jussive of مَدَّ after the لِـ of command, 'let him stretch out a rope'; earlier in the same verse يَظُنُّ shows the contracted imperfect of ظَنَّ.
- فَلْيَمْدُدْfalyamdudthen let him extend
- بِسَبَبٍbisababina rope
Read in context
وَلَمْ يَمْسَسْنِى بَشَرٌۭ ۖ
Surah Ali 'Imran · 3:47
وَلَمْ يَمْسَسْنِي بَشَرٌ: jussive of مَسَّ (imperfect vowel a) in its uncontracted shape يَمْسَسْ before the suffix ـنِي, 'no man has touched me'.
- وَلَمْwalamand (has) not
- يَمْسَسْنِىyamsasnītouch(ed) me
- بَشَرٌۭ ۖbasharunany man
Read in context
ٱشْدُدْ بِهِۦٓ أَزْرِى
Surah Taha · 20:31
اشْدُدْ بِهِ أَزْرِي: the uncontracted imperative of شَدَّ with hamzat al-waṣl, 'strengthen my back through him'; the contracted شُدَّ would also be grammatical.
- ٱشْدُدْush'dudReinforce
- بِهِۦٓbihithrough him
- أَزْرِىazrīmy strength
Read in context
ٱلضَّآلِّينَ
Surah Al-Fatihah · 1:7
الضَّالِّينَ: the active participle of the doubled verb ضَلَّ 'to go astray', contracted from ضَالِل to ضَالّ by rule 1, in the genitive sound plural.
- ٱلضَّآلِّينَl-ḍālīna(of) those who go astray
Read in context

Step 3 of 5: Practice

Exercises

Strict harakat

Exercise 1 of 90/0 correct

Transform

Write the full, uncontracted shape that lies behind this verb (the form that is never actually written):

عَدَّ

Step 4 of 5: Quiz

Translate from Arabic to English

Type your translation, then check it. Spelling and vowel marks are graded leniently.

1.

اِسْتَعَدَّتِ الْأُسْرَةُ لِلضُّيُوفِ وَأَعَدَّتِ الْأُمُّ الطَّعَامَ.

2.

دَقَقْتُ الْبَابَ مَرَّتَيْنِ فَلَمْ يَرُدَّ أَحَدٌ.

3.

عُدَّ الْوَسَائِدَ وَرُدَّهَا إِلَى الْغُرْفَةِ.

4.

اِشْتَدَّ الْحَرُّ فَظَلِلْنَا فِي الْبَيْتِ طُولَ النَّهَارِ.

5.

لَمْ تَمَسَّ الْبِنْتُ الْقِدْرَ لِأَنَّهَا حَارَّةٌ.

6.

تَمَّ بِنَاءُ الْبَيْتِ وَانْضَمَّ الْجِيرَانُ إِلَى الْحَفْلِ.

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