Rule 1: 1. Honorifics and the formulas of diplomacy
A king is جَلَالَةُ الْمَلِكِ His Majesty the King; a prince سُمُوُّ الْأَمِيرِ His Highness the Prince; the heir وَلِيُّ الْعَهْدِ the crown prince; a president فَخَامَةُ الرَّئِيسِ His Excellency the President. These abstract nouns (جَلَالَةٌ majesty, سُمُوٌّ highness) are the grammatical subject, so the verb agrees with them, not with the person: وَصَلَ سُمُوُّ الْأَمِيرِ. With a pronoun suffix they stand alone: سُمُوُّهُ His Highness, جَلَالَتُهُ His Majesty. Purposes are expressed by an accusative verbal noun followed by لِـ: تَكْرِيمًا لِـ in honour of, تَلْبِيَةً لِدَعْوَةٍ in response to an invitation, اِحْتِفَالًا بِـ in celebration of; occasions by بِمُنَاسَبَةِ on the occasion of.
وَصَلَ سُمُوُّ الْأَمِيرِ نَاصِرٍ وَلِيُّ الْعَهْدِ إِلَى رُومَا مَسَاءَ أَمْسِ.
waṣala sumuwwu l-amīri nāṣirin waliyyu l-ʿahdi ilā rūmā masāʾa amsi
His Highness Prince Nāṣir, the Crown Prince, arrived in Rome yesterday evening.
The verb agrees with سُمُوُّ; وَلِيُّ الْعَهْدِ is in apposition to it.
أَقَامَ السَّفِيرُ مَأْدُبَةً كُبْرَى تَكْرِيمًا لِسُمُوِّهِ.
aqāma s-safīru maʾdubatan kubrā takrīman li-sumuwwihi
The ambassador gave a grand banquet in honour of His Highness.
سَافَرَ الْوَزِيرُ إِلَى لَنْدَنَ تَلْبِيَةً لِدَعْوَةِ الْحُكُومَةِ الْبَرِيطَانِيَّةِ.
sāfara l-wazīru ilā landana talbiyatan li-daʿwati l-ḥukūmati l-barīṭāniyyati
The minister travelled to London in response to the invitation of the British government.
اِحْتَفَلَتِ السِّفَارَةُ بِمُنَاسَبَةِ عِيدِ مِيلَادِ جَلَالَةِ الْمَلِكِ.
iḥtafalati s-sifāratu bi-munāsabati ʿīdi mīlādi jalālati l-maliki
The embassy held a celebration on the occasion of His Majesty the King's birthday.
جَرَتِ الْمُفَاوَضَاتُ بَيْنَ الْجَانِبَيْنِ فِي جَوٍّ وُدِّيٍّ.
jarati l-mufāwaḍātu bayna l-jānibayni fī jawwin wuddiyyin
The negotiations between the two sides took place in a friendly atmosphere.