Rule 1: 1. The joints of an argument
Each stage of the argument has its own formula. Division: فَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ يَرَى … وَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ يَخْشَى. Taking each side: أَمَّا الَّذِينَ … فَـ، وَأَمَّا … فَـ. Adding a further proof: ثُمَّ إِنَّ moreover, وَلَا يَخْفَى أَنَّ it is clear that. Concession: وَلَيْسَ هٰذَا كُلُّهُ بَاطِلًا، نَعَمْ … وَلٰكِنْ. Objection and reply: فَإِنْ قِيلَ … قُلْنَا. Conclusion: وَخُلَاصَةُ الْقَوْلِ أَنَّ، فَالْحَاصِلُ أَنَّ.
فَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ يَرَى فِيهَا سَبِيلَ النَّهْضَةِ، وَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ يَخْشَاهَا.
fa-minhum man yarā fīhā sabīla n-nahḍati, wa-minhum man yakhshāhā.
Some see in it the way to renewal, and some fear it.
أَمَّا الَّذِينَ يَدْعُونَ إِلَى تَعْلِيمِهَا فَحُجَّتُهُمْ أَنَّ الْمَرْأَةَ نِصْفُ الْأُمَّةِ.
ammā lladhīna yadʿūna ilā taʿlīmihā fa-ḥujjatuhum anna l-marʾata niṣfu l-ummati.
As for those who call for her education, their argument is that woman is half the nation.
ثُمَّ إِنَّ الْأُمَّ هِيَ الْمَدْرَسَةُ الْأُولَى.
thumma inna l-umma hiya l-madrasatu l-ūlā.
Moreover, the mother is the first school.
فَإِنْ قِيلَ: فَمَا الْحَلُّ؟ قُلْنَا: …
fa-in qīla: fa-mā l-ḥallu? qulnā: …
If it is asked: what, then, is the solution? we reply: …
وَخُلَاصَةُ الْقَوْلِ أَنَّ التَّعْلِيمَ أَمَانَةٌ.
wa-khulāṣatu l-qawli anna t-taʿlīma amānatun.
In short, education is a trust.