Days, Hours and Money

فِي الْأُسْبُوعِ سَبْعَةُ أَيَّامٍ، أَوَّلُهَا يَوْمُ الْأَحَدِ.

fi-l-usbūʿi sabʿatu ayyāmin, awwaluhā yawmu-l-aḥadi

In the week there are seven days, the first of them being Sunday.

يَذْهَبُ الْمُسْلِمُونَ إِلَى الْمَسْجِدِ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ.

yadhhabu-l-muslimūna ila-l-masjidi yawma-l-jumuʿati

The Muslims go to the mosque on Friday.

Accusative of time: يَوْمَ.

زَارَنَا عَمِّي يَوْمَ الِاثْنَيْنِ وَسَافَرَ يَوْمَ الْخَمِيسِ.

zāranā ʿammī yawma-l-ithnayni wa-sāfara yawma-l-khamīsi

My uncle visited us on Monday and travelled on Thursday.

فِي الْيَوْمِ أَرْبَعٌ وَعِشْرُونَ سَاعَةً.

fi-l-yawmi arbaʿun wa-ʿishrūna sāʿatan

In the day there are twenty-four hours.

فِي السَّاعَةِ سِتُّونَ دَقِيقَةً وَفِي الدَّقِيقَةِ سِتُّونَ ثَانِيَةً.

fi-s-sāʿati sittūna daqīqatan wa-fi-d-daqīqati sittūna thāniyatan

In the hour there are sixty minutes and in the minute sixty seconds.

قَرَأْتُ ثَلَاثَ سَاعَاتٍ وَكَتَبْتُ عَشْرَ دَقَائِقَ.

qaraʾtu thalātha sāʿātin wa-katabtu ʿashra daqāʾiqa

I read for three hours and wrote for ten minutes.

دَقَائِقَ is a diptote: genitive in -a.

فِي نِصْفِ السَّاعَةِ ثَلَاثُونَ دَقِيقَةً.

fī niṣfi-s-sāʿati thalāthūna daqīqatan

In half an hour there are thirty minutes.

فِي رُبْعِ السَّاعَةِ خَمْسَ عَشْرَةَ دَقِيقَةً وَفِي ثُلْثِهَا عِشْرُونَ دَقِيقَةً.

fī rubʿi-s-sāʿati khamsa ʿashrata daqīqatan wa-fī thulthihā ʿishrūna daqīqatan

In a quarter of an hour there are fifteen minutes and in a third of it twenty minutes.

بَقِيتُ عِنْدَ جَدَّتِي سَاعَةً وَنِصْفًا.

baqītu ʿinda jaddatī sāʿatan wa-niṣfan

I stayed at my grandmother's an hour and a half.

Both nouns accusative of duration.

أَكَلَ الْوَلَدُ نِصْفَ الْخُبْزِ وَأُخْتُهُ رُبْعَهُ.

akala-l-waladu niṣfa-l-khubzi wa-ukhtuhu rubʿahu

The boy ate half the bread and his sister a quarter of it.

بِكَمْ هٰذَا الْكِتَابُ؟ - بِدِينَارٍ وَنِصْفٍ.

bi-kam hādha-l-kitābu? - bi-dīnārin wa-niṣfin

How much is this book? A dinar and a half.

اِشْتَرَيْتُ الْقَلَمَ بِمِائَةِ فِلْسٍ وَالدَّفْتَرَ بِمِائَتَيْ فِلْسٍ.

ishtaraytu-l-qalama bi-miʾati filsin wa-d-daftara bi-miʾatay filsin

I bought the pen for a hundred fils and the notebook for two hundred fils.

بِكَمِ اشْتَرَيْتَ هٰذِهِ السَّاعَةَ؟ - بِعِشْرِينَ دِرْهَمًا.

bi-kami-shtarayta hādhihi-s-sāʿata? - bi-ʿishrīna dirhaman

For how much did you buy this watch? For twenty dirhams.

كَمْ takes a helping kasra before the joining hamza: بِكَمِ اشْتَرَيْتَ.

فِي الدِّينَارِ أَلْفُ فِلْسٍ.

fi-d-dīnāri alfu filsin

In the dinar there are a thousand fils.

اِبْنُ كَمْ أَنْتَ؟ - أَنَا ابْنُ ثَلَاثَ عَشْرَةَ سَنَةً.

ibnu kam anta? - ana-bnu thalātha ʿashrata sanatan

How old are you? I am thirteen years old.

بِنْتُ كَمْ أُخْتُكَ؟ - هِيَ بِنْتُ سِتِّ سَنَوَاتٍ.

bintu kam ukhtuka? - hiya bintu sitti sanawātin

How old is your sister? She is six years old.

سَنَوَاتٍ genitive plural after six.

كَمْ عُمْرُ جَدِّكَ؟ - عُمْرُهُ ثَمَانُونَ سَنَةً.

kam ʿumru jaddika? - ʿumruhu thamānūna sanatan

How old is your grandfather? He is eighty years old.

أَخِي الصَّغِيرُ ابْنُ سَنَتَيْنِ.

akhi-ṣ-ṣaghīru-bnu sanatayni

My little brother is two years old.