Learn the full set of personal pronouns (I, thou, he, she, we, you, they) and the perfect (past) tense of the verb كَتَبَ "to write." Then practise conjugating four more verbs the same way.
Conjugations: "To Have"
| Person | Singular | Plural | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Arabic | Transliteration | English | Arabic | Transliteration | English | |
| First Person | أَنَا | 'anaa | I | نَحْنُ | nahnu | we |
| Second Person (Masculine) | أَنْتَ | 'anta | thou (m.) | أَنْتُمْ | 'antum | you (m.) |
| Second Person (Feminine) | أَنْتِ | 'anti | thou (f.) | أَنْتُنَّ | 'antunna | you (f.) |
| Third Person (Masculine) | هُوَ | huwa | he | هُمْ | hum | they (m.) |
| Third Person (Feminine) | هِيَ | hiya | she | هُنَّ | hunna | they (f.) |
| First Person | كَتَبْتُ | katabtu | I have written / I wrote | كَتَبْنَا | katabnaa | we have written / we wrote |
| Second Person (Masculine) | كَتَبْتَ | katabta | thou (m.) hast written | كَتَبْتُمْ | katabtum | you (m.) have written |
| Second Person (Feminine) | كَتَبْتِ | katabti | thou (f.) hast written | كَتَبْتُنَّ | katabtunna | you (f.) have written |
| Third Person (Masculine) | كَتَبَ | kataba | he has written / he wrote | كَتَبُوا | kataboo | they (m.) have written |
| Third Person (Feminine) | كَتَبَتْ | katabat | she has written / she wrote | كَتَبْنَ | katabna | they (f.) have written |
Vocabulary
Why do words end with “-un”?
The -un ending is called tanween (nunation). It marks indefinite nouns — similar to “a/an” in English.
كِتَابٌ (kitaabun) = a bookvsكِتَاب (kitaab) = book (base word)
To find the base word, simply remove the final “-un” sound (the double-stacked damma بٌ on the last letter).
كَتَبَ
kataba
to write (he wrote)
تَرَكَ
taraka
to leave (I left: تَرَكْتُ)
كَسَرَ
kasara
to break (I broke: كَسَرْتُ)
أَكَلَ
'akala
to eat (I ate: أَكَلْتُ)
قَسَمَ
qasama
to divide (I divided: قَسَمْتُ)
Translate from Arabic to English
1.
كَتَبْتُ
2.
كَتَبَتْ
3.
كَتَبُوا
4.
كَتَبْنَ
5.
كَتَبْتُمْ
6.
نَحْنُ وَهُمْ
Translate from English to Arabic
1.
We and thou (masc.)
2.
You (masc.) and they (masc.)
3.
He and she
4.
They (fem.) and you (fem.)
5.
Thou (fem.) and I
6.
We and she
7.
I and he
8.
We have written
9.
They (masc.) have written
10.
He wrote
11.
You (masc.) have written
12.
Thou (fem.) hast written
13.
I wrote
14.
She wrote
15.
Thou (masc.) wrotest
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